{"id":3818,"date":"1985-07-01T01:00:00","date_gmt":"1985-07-01T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-66-no-4-july-august-1985-the-gift-of-friendship\/"},"modified":"2022-11-27T02:43:11","modified_gmt":"2022-11-27T02:43:11","slug":"vol-66-no-4-july-august-1985-the-gift-of-friendship","status":"publish","type":"rbc_letter","link":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-66-no-4-july-august-1985-the-gift-of-friendship\/","title":{"rendered":"Vol. 66, No. 4 &#8211; July\/August 1985 &#8211; The Gift of Friendship"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"layout-column-main\">\n<p class=\"boldtext\">It is a privilege not given to                     everyone to have friends, but most of us take it for granted.                     Here we consider the unusual thing called friendship: What                     it is, what it means, and what to do to keep it alive&#8230;<\/p>\n<p> Was there ever a sadder man than Howard Hughes? With all                     his wealth, he could have had anything money could buy. But                     what he did not have and could not buy left him in the most                     miserable spiritual poverty. For, as far as anyone knows,                     he was without a friend in the world.<\/p>\n<p>A thousand popular songs have been written to tell us that                     a life without love is not worth living. It was Hughes&#8217;s apparent                     fate to live and die without love, because friendship has                     love at its core.<\/p>\n<p>When most of us think or speak about friendship, however,                     we rob it of its rich emotional value. We have been conditioned                     to see love as the romantic passion celebrated in popular                     music, overlooking the less effusive and less volatile love                     that exists between friends.<\/p>\n<p>This is partly because we use language loosely. We will                     say that &#8220;so-and-so is a friend of mine&#8221; when what we mean                     is that he or she is an acquaintance or an associate or a                     companion. We are not really talking about someone who is                     joined to us &#8220;in intimacy and mutual benevolence independently                     of sexual or family love,&#8221; as the Oxford Dictionary describes                     a friend.<\/p>\n<p>The great thinkers of history applied an even stricter definition.                     They lavished attention on the question of what constitutes                     friendship because of the importance they attached to its                     role in civilized society. They recognized that if people                     did not love one another outside of their family or tribal                     groups, the whole social structure would crumble. Perhaps                     because they put so much stock in it, they tended to idealize                     the relationship as an exalted condition towards which people                     must strive.<\/p>\n<p>Modern men and women think of friendships in categories                     and degrees: business friends, social friends, good friends,                     best friends, etc. The philosophers and writers of earlier                     times made no such distinctions. To them friendship existed                     only in its highest and closest degree.<\/p>\n<p>The intimacy demanded by their uncompromising criteria was                     no less (and in many cases, more) than that which exists in                     a happy marriage. Aristotle said that friends are &#8220;one soul                     in two bodies.&#8221; Francis Bacon characterized a friend as one                     &#8220;to whom you may impart griefs, joys, fears, hopes, suspicions,                     counsels, and whatsoever lieth upon the heart to oppress it.&#8221;                     Clearly friendship of this order of intensity is extremely                     rare.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;One friend in a lifetime is much; two are many; three are                     hardly possible,&#8221; wrote the historian-philosopher Henry Adams.                     Dr. Samuel Johnson went beyond this to say that &#8220;so many qualities                     are requisite to the possibility of friendship and so many                     accidents must concur to its rise and continuance&#8221; that the                     greatest part of mankind must content themselves without it                     and engage in alliances of interest and dependence instead.<\/p>\n<p>It may indeed be that lesser creatures than Dr. Johnson                     and his partners in wisdom must make do with lesser forms                     of friendship than the ideal state which they envisaged. But                     we ordinary souls can at least try to approach it by keeping                     in mind that it is not a passive state, which means that it                     cannot be taken for granted. True friendship is not beyond                     our reach if we give our friendships the care and attention                     they deserve.<\/p>\n<p>What are the qualities that make true friends? Probably                     the first one a person asked this question would name is loyalty.                     It is easy to keep up a friendship of sorts when everything                     is bright; it takes effort and perseverance to remain a faithful                     friend when another&#8217;s life is plunged into darkness. The expression                     that you can only tell who your friends are when you are in                     trouble dates back at least as far as the ancient Roman philosophers.                     The other side of the coin is that you can only tell if <em>you                     <\/em>are a real friend to a person if you are willing to stand                     by him or her in times of distress.<\/p>\n<p>Whether friends should lend or borrow more than minor sums                     of money between themselves has always been a tricky question.                     The balance of opinion is that they should not, if they wish                     to remain friends. Still, one test of real friendship is whether                     you are willing to do what you can to come to another&#8217;s financial                     aid in an emergency without a firm expectation of repayment.                     An even greater test is presented to the other party &#8211; to                     do everything possible to see that the sum is repaid.<\/p>\n<p>Yet another test of loyalty concerns reputation. It may                     be expedient for business or social reasons to put a distance                     between you and friends when their fortunes are at a low ebb.                     Even more trying circumstances could arise. Say a friend is                     charged with a disgraceful crime: Would you insist on his                     innocence at the risk of your own reputation in the face of                     overwhelming evidence to the contrary? Say he is convicted:                     Would you continue to uphold your friendship no matter what                     people might say?<\/p>\n<h3>Sharing what a friend is entitled to                   share<\/h3>\n<p>A friendly relationship of any degree entails a measure                     of sharing. Friends routinely share experiences, ideas, efforts,                     wishes and material things. As an intimate friend you might                     be called upon to share mental pain and heartbreak. Much as                     you might dread it, you might have to see a friend through                     the fear and loneliness of a serious illness or the death                     of a loved one &#8211; knowing that he or she would do the same                     for you.<\/p>\n<p>Oscar Wilde had a good deal to say about the pure spirit                     of friendship when he wrote that if a friend had a feast and                     did not invite him to it, he would not be upset in the slightest.                     &#8220;But if a friend of mine had a sorrow and refused to allow                     me to share it, I should feel it most bitterly. If he shut                     the doors of the house of mourning against me, I would move                     back again and again and beg to be admitted, so that I might                     share in what I was entitled to share.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>It should not, however, take a crisis to test the strength                     of a friendship, because &#8220;the one who will be found capable                     of great acts of love is ever the one who is doing considerate                     small ones,&#8221; as the English preacher and man of letters F.W.                     Robertson put it. Though friendships are often forged in the                     crucible of mutual adversity &#8211; as witness the lasting devotion                     of old armed service buddies &#8211; they are more commonly constructed                     piece-by-piece of little kindnesses over the years.<\/p>\n<p>The saying that there is no friend like an old friend mirrors                     the simple truth that a friendship must stand the test of                     time to confirm itself. It is true, too, that the older we                     grow, the more we cherish our friendships; and the friends                     we are likely to cherish most are the ones with whom we have                     travelled long and far over the rough patches of life along                     with the smooth.<\/p>\n<h3>It carries us far towards our main                   goal in life: happiness<\/h3>\n<p>The benefits of friendship in those good, smooth times should                     not be underrated. People do not strike up friendly relations                     as insurance against future adversity. They do so because,                     if their psychological make-up is somewhere near normal, they                     must have contact with their fellow human beings. The everyday                     conduct of friendship satisfies this deep instinctive need.<\/p>\n<p>The basic appeal of friendship is the pleasure we derive                     from it. Our enjoyment of the world is magnified when it is                     shared with someone of similar attitudes and tastes. One of                     the chief things we share with friends is laughter. Friends                     find the same events and situations funny because they have                     roughly the same slant on life.<\/p>\n<p>The philosopher William James once made the point that the                     only goal which is common to all mankind is to attain happiness.                     Friendship carries us some distance towards that most desirable                     state. It &#8220;doubles our joy,&#8221; as the great essayist Joseph                     Addison phrased it. We formally acknowledge this fact when                     we make sure that close friends are on the scene of such joyful                     occasions as weddings and birthday celebrations. But many                     of us fail to appreciate the happiness they bring to our lives                     day in and day out.<\/p>\n<p>In our modern mobile society, it is sometimes impossible                     for friends to keep in regular touch because they are separated                     geographically. We can become quite lazy about showing our                     faraway friends how much we value them with cards, letters                     or telephone calls. For those of us who are thus remiss, there                     may be some comfort in Ralph Waldo Emerson&#8217;s thoughts on the                     essence of friendship: &#8220;&#8230;To feel and say of another, I need                     never meet, or speak, or write to him; we need not reinforce                     ourselves or send tokens of rememberance; I rely on him as                     on myself&#8230;&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Where friends are concerned, absence may indeed make the                     heart grow fonder. When two people are regularly together,                     they grow all too well aware of each other&#8217;s moods, failings                     and faults.<\/p>\n<p>But friendship is a matter of give and take in every way,                     including the allowances that must be made for each party&#8217;s                     lapses. We are obliged by the nature of the relationship to                     accept our friends as they are, flaws and all.<\/p>\n<p>This is not a bad thing, since it teaches us the valuable                     lesson that even we are not exactly perfect. If a friend with                     whom we share so many characteristics can have so many faults,                     it follows that we must have a few of our own.<\/p>\n<p>No one can keep a friendship alive without practising consideration,                     which is the reason exceedingly self-centred persons are almost                     invariably friendless. It is the essence of consideration                     to refrain from saying things that may wound our friends&#8217;                     feelings. When they inadvertantly hurt <em>our <\/em>feelings,                     we should be equally silent. The observation has been made                     that the chief qualification for partnership in a successful                     marriage is to be a &#8220;good forgiver.&#8221; The same applies among                     friends.<\/p>\n<p>On the other hand, tact can be carried too far in some cases.                     There may come a time when it is your bounden duty to call                     attention to the potential folly of a friend&#8217;s acts. We would                     not, after all, stand by in silence and watch a friend suffer                     an injury from a third party without intervening. By the same                     token, we should not stand by and watch a friend injure him-                     or herself.<\/p>\n<p>A Middle Eastern proverb defines a friend as &#8220;one who gives                     you warning.&#8221; That nicely delineates the difference between                     criticism of a friend for his own good and criticism for its                     own sake. Human nature being what it is, people are far less                     zealous about seeking out their own failings than those of                     others. It is not the function of a friend to be a judge or                     censor, and we should guard against the habit of gratuitously                     nagging people when their welfare is not clearly at stake.<\/p>\n<p>When one is unquestionably obliged to let a friend know                     where he is going wrong, one is just as strongly obliged to                     see that the criticism goes no further. &#8220;Reprove your friends                     in secret, praise them in public,&#8221; is advice that goes back                     to the 1st century, when it was written by Syrus, the Roman                     slave-poet. Unfortunately, it is often honoured in the breach:                     &#8220;If men knew what others say of them, there would not be four                     friends in the world,&#8221; wrote Pascal. If you can find nothing                     good to say in public about a friend in a given situation,                     say nothing at all.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;There is a friend who is a friend in name only,&#8221; the Bible                     warns. By their ultimate disloyalty you shall know them. From                     Adam and Eve forward, men and women have been betrayed by                     seeming well-wishers who were secretly acting for their own                     advantage. Drama and fiction over the centuries would have                     been lost without the sinister figure of the false friend.<\/p>\n<p>In real life such figures will be found at work currying                     the favour of more powerful or more popular individuals. Several                     vulgar names are used in plants and offices for those who                     make a point of cozying up to the boss to advance their careers.                     They appeal to their victims&#8217; vanity by feigning admiration                     and affection. The objects of these bogus sentiments should                     &#8220;be advised that all flatterers live at the expense of those                     who listen to them,&#8221; which is the moral of La Fontaine&#8217;s fable                     of The Crow and the Fox.<\/p>\n<p>The more power people amass in business, politics or other                     walks of life, the less they can be sure of who their friends                     are. The story is told of a newly-appointed bishop who remarked                     that there were two experiences he would never have again:                     eat a bad meal and hear the whole truth. He might have added                     that he would never again make a friend he could trust entirely.                     The friendlessness of the high and mighty is compounded when                     they have dropped their old friends on the way up the ladder                     of earthly success.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Friendship is the privilege of private men; for wretched                     greatness knows no blessing so substantial,&#8221; wrote Nahan Tate,                     a 16th century poet and dramatist. This is partly so because                     the relationship between the great and their social inferiors                     is essentially unequal. The most fulfilling friendships, like                     the most fulfilling marriages, are between equals who treat                     each other as such.<\/p>\n<p>In any case, there can be no authentic friendship where                     one party contrives to get more out of it than the other.                     It may in fact happen that one helps the other more than vice-versa,                     but that is immaterial to the nature of the relationship.                     In a real friendship, the less fortunate party would be just                     as forthcoming if the roles were reversed.<\/p>\n<h3>&#8216;Absent friends:&#8217; the immortal figures                   who                   live in our hearts<\/h3>\n<p>It is therefore debatable whether people can deliberately                     &#8220;make friends&#8221; for any purpose but friendship itself. We are                     sometimes advised to strike up an association with more admirable                     souls to improve ourselves, or to replace old friends with                     new ones because the old are bad companions.<\/p>\n<p>Faced with this advice, one might do well to think of the                     young man whose father gave him a copy of <em>How to Win Friends                     and Influence People <\/em>which he returned with a note saying,                     &#8220;too artificial.&#8221; It may be possible to seek and find true                     friends as it is possible to seek and find true lovers; but,                     as in romantic love, the best results are obtained by letting                     nature take its course.<\/p>\n<p>Dr. Johnson apparently thought otherwise. He said, &#8220;If a                     man does not make new acquaintances as he advances through                     life, he will soon find himself alone.&#8221; But though it is true                     that we lose friends to death as we grow older, in a way they                     are immortal. Those who have passed out of our fives in the                     physical sense will live on in our hearts as long as we do.                     This phenomenon is recognized in the old army toast to fallen                     comrades &#8211; or, as soldiers say when they raise their glasses,                     &#8220;to absent friends.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>While they are still alive, friends should be treated as                     the precious gifts of fortune they are. In his classic essay                     &#8220;Of Friendship,&#8221; Emerson wrote: &#8220;We take care of our health,                     we make our roof tight and our clothing sufficient, but who                     provides wisely that we should not be wanting in the best                     property of all? &#8211; friends?&#8221;<\/p>\n<h3>&#8216;The only way to have a friend is to                   be one&#8217;<\/h3>\n<p>The same essay carried Emerson&#8217;s famous pronouncement that                     &#8220;the only way to have a friend is to be one.&#8221; To be a friend                     in the classical sense is no fight undertaking. Consider the                     qualifications for the role, as listed by the Earl of Clarendon:                     &#8220;The skill and observation of the best physician, the diligence                     and vigilance of the best nurse, the tenderness and patience                     of the best mother.&#8221; Bishop Jeremy Taylor was, if anything,                     more demanding: &#8220;The greatest love, the greatest usefulness,                     the most open communication, the noblest sufferings, the severest                     truth, the heartiest counsel, and the greatest union of minds                     of which brave men and women are capable.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>There are sacrifices to be made in attempting to raise our                     friendships to their highest potential state, but the fortunate                     part of it is that friendship is one of the few human pursuits                     that makes sacrifice a pleasure. It is also one way in which                     ordinary men and women can reach for spiritual nobility. This                     is because &#8220;an effort made for the happiness of others lifts                     us above ourselves,&#8221; as the American humanitarian Lydia Child                     said.<\/p>\n<p>The qualities of character required for true friendship                     are quite simply the best qualities a human can possess: unselfishness,                     tolerance, forebearance, trustworthiness, faithfulness, honesty.                     If we fragile mortals feel unequal to the effort of applying                     all these qualities all the time, we might try a little harder                     if we remember that we are doing it out of a kind of love                     which yields love in repayment. And to love and be loved is                     worth all the effort we can possibly make.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":79,"featured_media":0,"template":"","categories":[1],"rbc_letter_theme":[],"rbc_letter_year":[72],"class_list":["post-3818","rbc_letter","type-rbc_letter","status-publish","hentry","category-uncategorized","rbc_letter_year-72"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Vol. 66, No. 4 - July\/August 1985 - The Gift of Friendship - RBC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-66-no-4-july-august-1985-the-gift-of-friendship\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vol. 66, No. 4 - July\/August 1985 - The Gift of Friendship - RBC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"It is a privilege not given to everyone to have friends, but most of us take it for granted. 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July\/August 1985 &#8211; The Gift of Friendship","url":"http:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-66-no-4-july-august-1985-the-gift-of-friendship\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"http:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-66-no-4-july-august-1985-the-gift-of-friendship\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":""},"articleSection":"Uncategorized","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"amandeepsingh"}],"creator":["amandeepsingh"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"RBC","logo":""},"keywords":[],"dateCreated":"1985-07-01T01:00:00Z","datePublished":"1985-07-01T01:00:00Z","dateModified":"2022-11-27T02:43:11Z"},"rendered":"<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"wp-parsely-metadata\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"headline\":\"Vol. 66, No. 4 &#8211; July\\\/August 1985 &#8211; The Gift of Friendship\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rbc.com\\\/en\\\/about-us\\\/history\\\/letter\\\/vol-66-no-4-july-august-1985-the-gift-of-friendship\\\/\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\\\/\\\/www.rbc.com\\\/en\\\/about-us\\\/history\\\/letter\\\/vol-66-no-4-july-august-1985-the-gift-of-friendship\\\/\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"url\":\"\"},\"articleSection\":\"Uncategorized\",\"author\":[{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"name\":\"amandeepsingh\"}],\"creator\":[\"amandeepsingh\"],\"publisher\":{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"name\":\"RBC\",\"logo\":\"\"},\"keywords\":[],\"dateCreated\":\"1985-07-01T01:00:00Z\",\"datePublished\":\"1985-07-01T01:00:00Z\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-11-27T02:43:11Z\"}<\/script>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/rbc.com\/p.js"},"featured_img":false,"coauthors":[],"author_meta":{"author_link":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/author\/amandeepsingh\/","display_name":"amandeepsingh"},"relative_dates":{"created":"Posted 41 years ago","modified":"Updated 3 years ago"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Posted on July 1, 1985","modified":"Updated on November 27, 2022"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Posted on July 1, 1985 1:00 am","modified":"Updated on November 27, 2022 2:43 am"},"featured_img_caption":"","tax_additional":{"category":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/category\/uncategorized\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Uncategorized<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Uncategorized<\/span>"],"slug":"category","name":"Categories"},"rbc_letter_theme":{"linked":[],"unlinked":[],"slug":"rbc_letter_theme","name":"Themes"},"rbc_letter_year":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/year\/1985\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">1985<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">1985<\/span>"],"slug":"rbc_letter_year","name":"Years"}},"series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rbc_letter\/3818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rbc_letter"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/rbc_letter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/79"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rbc_letter\/3818\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3818"},{"taxonomy":"rbc_letter_theme","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rbc_letter_theme?post=3818"},{"taxonomy":"rbc_letter_year","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/rbc_letter_year?post=3818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}