{"id":3687,"date":"1996-09-01T01:00:00","date_gmt":"1996-09-01T01:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-77-no-4-fall-1996-powers-of-observation\/"},"modified":"2022-11-27T02:02:50","modified_gmt":"2022-11-27T02:02:50","slug":"vol-77-no-4-fall-1996-powers-of-observation","status":"publish","type":"rbc_letter","link":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-77-no-4-fall-1996-powers-of-observation\/","title":{"rendered":"Vol. 77 No. 4 &#8211; Fall 1996 &#8211; Powers of Observation"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"layout-column-main\">\n<p class=\"boldtext\">The mass of people take little notice of                     what&#8217;s going on around them. They don&#8217;t know what they&#8217;re                     missing by not observing more consciously. Observation helps                     to bring success in business. More important, it is the key                     to a vibrant life&#8230;<\/p>\n<p> &#8220;You can observe a lot just by watching,&#8221; Yogi Berra said.                     This pronouncement invariably draws indulgent smiles from                     admirers of the great baseball guru&#8217;s off-the-wall way of                     putting things. But when you think of it, its simplicity masks                     profound truth. It clearly reflects a lifetime&#8217;s experience                     of looking around the playing field and noting subtle clues                     as to the opposing team&#8217;s intentions. In the broad field of                     life, people would observe more if they would only watch more                     deliberately what is going on before their very eyes.<\/p>\n<p>Why be observant? Because it mightily helps carry a person                     satisfactorily through life in all its aspects. Indeed, observation                     can be crucial to life itself. The graveyards of the world                     are strewn with the remains of mortals who died before their                     time because they failed to take note of lethal hazards. The                     most poignant of all last words is &#8220;oops,&#8221; or its equivalent                     in other tongues.<\/p>\n<p>Some are born with the faculty of keen observation, and                     others must develop it. The doyen of fictional detectives,                     Sherlock Holmes, was of the former class. In one of Arthur                     Conan Doyle&#8217;s stories about him, Holmes says of a man he has                     just met for the first time: &#8221; Beyond the obvious facts that                     he has at some time done manual labour, that he takes snuff,                     that he is a Freemason, that he has been in China, and that                     he has done a considerable amount of writing lately, I can                     deduce nothing else.&#8221; One glance at his visitor was enough                     for him to take in all these points of identity.<\/p>\n<p>Holmes told his companion Dr. Watson that he believed his                     talent for observation was partly hereditary. At the same                     time, however, he had improved on what nature had given him                     by making an effort to see what others might overlook.<\/p>\n<p>His whole method of detection, he said, was &#8220;based upon                     the observation of trifles.&#8221; He once scolded Watson: &#8220;I can                     never bring you to realize the importance of sleeves, the                     suggestiveness of thumb-nails, or the great issues that may                     hang from a bootlace.&#8221; In his own specialized way, the great                     detective was making the basic philosophical point that nothing,                     absolutely nothing, is insignificant. &#8220;All objects are as                     windows,&#8221; Thomas Carlyle wrote, &#8221; through which the philosophic                     eye looks into Infinitude itself.&#8221; Anyone interested in developing                     his or her observational skills would benefit from a reading                     of the Sherlock Holmes stories, and probably derive a lot                     of pleasure out of it in the process.<\/p>\n<p>In any case, Holmes was a literary creation, and literary                     men and women have always been known for their knack of observing                     things that normally would escape the attention of ordinary                     human beings. An outstanding observer like Marcel Proust could                     spend almost a whole page describing in the minutest detail                     the effect of looking through a window on a rainy day. It                     is amazing how rich an experience that fine French novelist                     could extract from a situation that would seem banal to almost                     anyone else.<\/p>\n<p>W. Somerset Maugham, who became the best-selling author                     of his time, was one of those who had to train himself to                     be observant. When he abandoned a career in medicine to become                     a writer, he went through the exercise of spending hours in                     the British Museum, jotting down everything he could gather                     about the shape, colour, and decoration of the artifacts on                     display.<\/p>\n<p>Maugham later developed the habit of entering every little                     detail about the people he met and the places he had been                     in notebooks which he carried around with him constantly.                     He proceeded to turn the realities he recorded into fiction                     acclaimed for its ring of truth and its insight into the human                     heart.<\/p>\n<p>The all-time champion of English writers, William Shakespeare,                     was an observer <em>par excellence<\/em>. He evidently believed,                     to paraphrase his own words, in drawing profit from everything                     he saw. He wrote that through observation, one could look                     clear through the deeds of men to the motives behind them.                     Shakespeare did just that with his characters, giving his                     plays the unique power which they retain undiminished to this                     day.<\/p>\n<p>Children are superb observers, especially of their parents&#8217;                     ways<\/p>\n<p>Shakespeare was not only a great playwright, but a great                     poet. The best poets in history possessed the ability to zero                     in on the particulars that reveal the essence of a situation,                     a scene, or a personality. Their incisiveness was not the                     result of their inherent sensitivity. They actively worked                     at trying to peer into the hearts of all their subjects. Walter                     Savage Landor, no mean poet himself, struck to the core of                     poetic observation when he praised Robert Browning&#8217;s &#8220;inquiring                     eye.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The same spirit applies in the visual arts &#8211; painting, sculpture,                     photography, cinematography. The masters of each of these                     disciplines look long and hard at scenes and objects to discover                     what small details add up to an image that brings out their                     true significance.<\/p>\n<p>But observation is more than merely visual. One can observe                     by sound, by touch, by taste, by smell, and by the central                     nervous system, as when one &#8220;has a funny feeling&#8221; about something                     or somebody. It especially counts in music. Johann Strauss                     Jr. was said to have drawn some of his most famous melodies                     from hearing birds sing. Performing musicians listen to every                     note and beat of recorded renditions by masters to perfect                     their technique.<\/p>\n<p>Observation is also one of the chief operating principles                     of science. Scientific method is based on the study of phenomena                     as they go through changes, whether natural or induced. Discoveries                     that burst on the world like a thunderclap are often the products                     of years of patiently peering through microscopes and noting                     the tiniest permutations in the subject of the research. Genius                     is 10 per cent inspiration and 90 per cent perspiration, as                     Thomas Edison is said to have said.<\/p>\n<p>Edison spent countless hours observing electrical and mechanical                     phenomena. In his invention of the electric lightbulb, he                     conducted 3,000 experiments before he found the formula that                     worked. He was another who trained himself to take in all                     he saw and note it. He wrote: &#8220;The average person&#8217;s brain                     does not observe a thousandth part of what the eye observes.                     It is almost incredible how poor our powers of observation                     &#8211; genuine observation &#8211; are.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Edison was not the only one to remark on how heedless ordinary                     people are of the world around them, which is strange, considering                     the way people start out in life. Small children are superb                     observers. They point out all sorts of things that adults                     never notice and ask piercing questions which their parents                     are hard-put to answer. They are exceedingly alert in applying                     the results of observations. A child can look, for instance,                     at the makeup of a board game and absorb in a couple of sittings                     exactly how the game is played.<\/p>\n<p>In all too many cases, however, children are discouraged                     from exercising their natural powers. &#8220;Billy, you really shouldn&#8217;t                     talk about the gentleman&#8217;s (funny-looking) moustache,&#8221; a mother                     will say. Adults often find the childish habit of pointing                     out things disconcerting, especially when it applies to them                     personally. Children have an unerring and uncompromising eye                     for their elders&#8217; slightest flaws.<\/p>\n<p>The thought that children&#8217;s basic characters are largely                     shaped by their typically sharp observation of their parents&#8217;                     ways should lead parents to re-examine their behaviour in                     their presence. Children emulate what they see and hear, for                     better or for worse. Aristotle&#8217;s famous admonition rings loud                     and clear in this context: &#8220;If you would understand virtue,                     observe the conduct of virtuous men. &#8221;<\/p>\n<p>A boy or girl at the age of five or six has a roving mind                     full of a curiosity that verges on creative genius. To be                     very young is &#8220;to see a world in a grain of sand and a heaven                     in a wild flower,&#8221; as William Blake wrote in his <em>Auguries                     of Innocence<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>It might seem to adults that children&#8217;s verbal observations                     are merely statements of the obvious, but they are actually                     an unfolding of the learning process. Instead of saying, in                     effect, &#8221; everybody knows that,&#8221; adults should be telling                     children what more there is to be known about the subject,                     and where they can find further information on it. Parents                     and mentors should seize the moment to stimulate a child&#8217;s                     desire to learn more about anything; if suppressed, the urge                     to pursue it may never come again.<\/p>\n<p>Still, it seems natural to shush up children when they make                     their running commentaries on the world, or to laugh off their                     comments as cuteness. That is a mistake to be guarded against,                     because it may detract from their full potential in the long                     run. Children who are regularly subject to put-downs tend                     to become inhibited because they learn to keep their thoughts                     to themselves to avoid embarrassment. They may also stop making                     the random observations that trigger their comments in the                     belief that nobody is interested in what they experience.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;It is to be regretted that habits of exact observation                     are not cultivated in our schools,&#8221; Baron Wilhelm Humboldt                     wrote in the late 18th century. Judging from the paucity of                     subject matter in conversations among teenagers in western                     society, the situation has not changed greatly since then.<\/p>\n<p>Evidently teenagers do not notice much in their day-to-day                     wanderings that they consider worth talking about. One of                     the benefits of being observant is that an observant person                     is seldom lost for something to say; the passing scene provides                     a succession of conversational topics. As the revered Canadian                     newspaperman Gregory Clark noted, good observers are sometimes                     accused of making up stories. In reality, though, they simply                     remember more of what they have experienced than other people                     do.<\/p>\n<p>Cutting through the intellectual jungle by seeing things                     as they are<\/p>\n<p>As a philologist, diplomat and philosopher of sorts, Baron                     Humboldt deplored the lack of schooling in observation mainly                     because it leads to a public acceptance of fallacious reasoning.                     Systematic observation &#8211; seeing and recording reality with                     one&#8217;s own eyes &#8211; saves the mind from being led astray. In                     this tricky world of ours, we all have to fight our way through                     thickets of erroneous assumptions, misleading generalizations,                     and deliberate misinformation. By making us focus on the actual                     rather than the presumed, informed observation can free us                     from the tyranny of theory. It can show us the paths through                     the intellectual jungle which lead us as close as possible                     to the plain truth.<\/p>\n<p>That can only happen, however, if a person is able to synthesize                     what he or she observes, comparing and combining impressions                     to come up with rounded conclusions. To do so takes a kind                     of continuing education, consisting of gathering background                     knowledge of all kinds from various media &#8211; especially books,                     which can be referred to again and again. Simply noticing                     things is pointless if one has no idea of what they mean,                     or has no intention of finding out about them. Background                     information enables one to interpret observations and put                     them in context.<\/p>\n<p>To really watch what is going on around you, keep a clear                     mind<\/p>\n<p>Knowledge is a defence against jumping to conclusions. So                     is an awareness that we are all inclined to see what we wish                     to see according to our preconceptions, prejudices, and cultural                     conditioning. Good observers try to filter these misleading                     factors out of their thinking as far as possible. The act                     of observation itself is an antidote to self-delusion, teaching                     that things are as they are, and not as we would prefer them                     to be.<\/p>\n<p>Observation is a great aid to judgment. It allows us to                     make evaluations on the basis of heightened experience. &#8220;An                     observant man, in all his intercourse with society and the                     world, constantly and unperceived marks on every person and                     thing the figure expressive of its value, and therefore, on                     meeting that person or thing, knows instantly what kind and                     degree of attention to give it,&#8221; as the noted American lawyer                     John Foster wrote.<\/p>\n<p>How does one become that kind of effective observer? First,                     by the conscious practice of &#8220;just watching.&#8221; It is not as                     simple as it seems; to really watch what is going on around                     you requires a clear mind. Good observers try to rid themselves                     of preoccupations, which is a good thing in itself psychologically.                     They also try to slow down their mental processes in order                     to take everything in.<\/p>\n<p>Effective observation depends on a cultivated memory. Impressions                     picked up in the course of everyday life are worthless if                     they are not retained. Good observers file away what they                     experience in the backs of their minds for further reference.                     A person who has taken note of how a certain thing is done                     will bring that knowledge to bear when he or she is faced                     with doing it.<\/p>\n<p>On a practical plane, military instructors show students                     pictures and see how many features in them the students can                     pick out and interpret as to their significance. The more                     often they go over the photos, the more details they are able                     to identify. Officer trainees are given drawing materials                     and sent out to sketch bits of the countryside in detail.                     Since observation is so important in journalism, student reporters                     are sent out on a street and told to make notes about everything                     they see.<\/p>\n<p>Ordinary individuals wishing to sharpen their observational                     skills might try the same methods. It is an interesting exercise                     to take notes on, say, a street scene and then compare them                     with a photo of the same scene and see what points have been                     missed. This invariably shows the fallibility of the average                     person&#8217;s perception. When observation becomes a habit; however,                     one&#8217;s intake of details is almost sure to improve.<\/p>\n<p>Building an ability to size up a situation at first sight<\/p>\n<p>A simple practical rule for those who want to improve their                     observational skills is, &#8220;Walk, don&#8217;t drive.&#8221; Though they                     see a lot with peripheral vision, drivers (and cyclists) have                     to keep their eyes on the road. The habit of walking exercises                     the mind at the same time as it exercises the body. A city-dweller                     who strolls to the office every day is never without mental                     stimulation as he or she observes buildings, traffic, and                     other people. Connoisseurs of urban life vary their routes                     to savour a city&#8217;s variety.<\/p>\n<p>A trail through the woods may seem devoid of life to an                     unobservant person, but it will be teeming with interest for                     an informed observer. Every tree, every wildflower, every                     mushroom has its own identity to those who know what they                     are. An ordinary hiker will see a pretty little yellow bird;                     a knowledgeable observer will see a male goldfinch. What is                     nothing but an orange butterfly to one person is to another                     an amazing monarch butterfly.<\/p>\n<p>Among the most accurate observers of all are woodsmen accustomed                     to finding their way through the wilderness by noting natural                     signs in a landscape that would seem completely uniform to                     a city-dweller. The well-known Labrador trapper Horace Goudie,                     whose autobiography <em> Trails to Remember<\/em> was published                     by Jesperson Press of St. John&#8217;s, Nfld., in 1991, once told                     of how he got separated from his son-in-law on his first visit                     to downtown Toronto. Goudie had only been over the route from                     his son-in-law&#8217;s suburban home to downtown once in a car,                     but when he found himself on his own, he walked for several                     kilometres to the very doorstep of the house without hesitation.                     He was guided by everything he had seen and mentally noted                     about the streets, signs and buildings on that first car trip.<\/p>\n<p>But good observation is by no means restricted to the outdoors.                     A trained engineer can scan a factory floor and note dozens                     of points about its workings. An alert sales representative                     can enter someone&#8217;s office and tell how best to approach the                     person after a quick glance at the desk. Observation has its                     most practical application in business and other forms of                     administration. A sharp business person is one who can size                     up a situation accurately and quickly. No one but a good observer                     can do that.<\/p>\n<p>The American industrialist Eugene C. Grace obviously had                     business first in mind when he wrote: &#8220;If I were to prescribe                     one process in the training of men which is fundamental to                     success in any direction, it would be thoroughgoing training                     in the habit of accurate observation.&#8221; Like Sherlock Holmes,                     an effective observer in business sees what others overlook,                     whether in a productionline, an administrative routine, or                     a balance sheet.<\/p>\n<p>One&#8217;s powers of observation are never more severely tested                     than when it comes to the human factor. An effective business                     person will try to understand the cares and motives of colleagues                     and customers by using the rules of good observation: watch                     deliberately, pick up clues to their character from their                     talk and comportment, and keep one&#8217;s mind both clear and open.                     Misjudgments of people can lead to serious costs in business.                     They are usually made in the absence of a sense of what makes                     a person tick.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Perhaps there is no property in which men are more distinguished                     from each other, than in the various degrees in which they                     possess the faculty of observation,&#8221; the American jurist William                     Wirt wrote. &#8220;The great herd of mankind pass their lives in                     listless inattention and indifference as to what is going                     on around them, while those who are destined to distinction                     have a lynx-eyed vigilance that nothing can escape.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>In other words, observation is a major key to success &#8211;                     and not only to success in business. For instance, the observation                     of people &#8211; of their feelings, their wants and needs &#8211; is                     an aid to the mutual understanding that makes for successful                     personal relationships.<\/p>\n<p>The observation of the passing scene is proof against boredom;                     every day brings new sensations, new things to enjoy and to                     think about. People who are interested in things are interesting                     themselves, so observation indirectly lends individuals popularity                     in their social lives.<\/p>\n<p>Most of all, by providing constant mental and emotional                     stimulation, observation lets people know what it means to                     be truly alive &#8211; to live life to its full potential. And regardless                     of whatever other successes one may have, the leading of a                     vibrant and fulfilling life is the highest success.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":79,"featured_media":0,"template":"","categories":[1],"rbc_letter_theme":[],"rbc_letter_year":[62],"class_list":["post-3687","rbc_letter","type-rbc_letter","status-publish","hentry","category-uncategorized","rbc_letter_year-62"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Vol. 77 No. 4 - Fall 1996 - Powers of Observation - RBC<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-77-no-4-fall-1996-powers-of-observation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vol. 77 No. 4 - Fall 1996 - Powers of Observation - RBC\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The mass of people take little notice of what&#8217;s going on around them. They don&#8217;t know what they&#8217;re missing by not observing more consciously. Observation helps to bring success in business. More important, it is the key to a vibrant life&#8230; &#8220;You can observe a lot just by watching,&#8221; Yogi Berra said. 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They don&#8217;t know what they&#8217;re missing by not observing more consciously. Observation helps to bring success in business. More important, it is the key to a vibrant life&#8230; &#8220;You can observe a lot just by watching,&#8221; Yogi Berra said. This pronouncement invariably [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-77-no-4-fall-1996-powers-of-observation\/","og_site_name":"RBC","article_modified_time":"2022-11-27T02:02:50+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"14 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-77-no-4-fall-1996-powers-of-observation\/","url":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-77-no-4-fall-1996-powers-of-observation\/","name":"Vol. 77 No. 4 - Fall 1996 - Powers of Observation - RBC","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"1996-09-01T01:00:00+00:00","dateModified":"2022-11-27T02:02:50+00:00","inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-77-no-4-fall-1996-powers-of-observation\/"]}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/","name":"RBC","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.rbc.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","canonical_url":"https:\/\/rbc.com\/en\/about-us\/history\/letter\/vol-77-no-4-fall-1996-powers-of-observation\/","smart_links":{"inbound":0,"outbound":0},"traffic_boost_suggestions_count":0,"meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Vol. 77 No. 4 &#8211; 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